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| The field of peacebuilding seeks to prevent and reduce the frequency and severity of war and other violent conflicts. Peacebuilding professionals and organizations help transform systems, policies, and environments that are conducive to violence, and help people build sustainable communities. Peacebuilding uses communication, negotiation, and mediation instead of belligerence and violence to resolve conflicts. Professor Ron Fisher of American University defines peacebuilding as, “developmental and interactive activities, often facilitated by a third party, which are directed toward meeting the basic needs, de-escalating the hostility, and improving the relationship of parties engaged in protracted social conflict.” In her book Strategic Peacebuilding, Dr. Lisa Schirch says, “Peacebuilding seeks to prevent, reduce, transform, and help people recover from violence in all forms, even structural violence that has not yet led to massive civil unrest....Strategic peacebuilding recognizes the complexity of the tasks required to build peace. Peacebuilding is strategic when resources, actors, and approaches are coordinated to accomplish multiple goals and address multiple issues for the long term.” According to Catherine Morris of the Institute for Dispute Resolution, “Peacebuilding involves a full range of approaches, processes, and stages needed for transformation toward more sustainable, peaceful relationships and governance modes and structures. Peacebuilding includes building legal and human rights institutions as well as fair and effective governance and dispute resolution processes and systems. To be effective, peacebuilding activities require careful and participatory planning, coordination among various efforts, and sustained commitments by both local and donor partners.”
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